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?Frilu sliv, ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????,?? ??? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ? ?? ??????, ??? ?? ? ??? ????? ???????; ????? ??????, ???????????? ?????? ????????? ? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????????????. ????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ????. Frilu sliv ????? ???? ?????? ??????????????, ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????????, ??? ????? ???????????, ??? ???????????? ????? ? ???????? ? ??????? ? ????? ?????, ????? ???? ???-?? ??????? ????? ??? ? ??????. ????? ???????????? ?? ? ???????????, ????? ? ???????? ??? ??????, ? ????? ? ? ???????? ????????????????. ??? ?????????? ? ????????, ?? ??? ?????????? ? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????. ??? ????????, ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ??????, ?? ?????? ????????? ? ???????. (????? ??????-??????)
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?????????? ?????. ?? ??????? (??????? ?. ?????)[1 - Henrik Ibsen. On the Heights?// In the Mountain Wilderness and Other Works, trans. Theodore Jorgenson. Northfield, MN.: St. Olaf College, 1957. (????? ?. ?? ???????. ??????? ??????? ?. ????? ?????????? ?? ???????: ?. ?????, ?????. ?????????????. ?.: ?????????????? ??????????, 1972.) ????????]
Linda ?keson McGurk
OPEN-AIR LIFE
Discover the Nordic Art of Friluftsliv and Embrace Nature Every Day
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? Linda ?keson McGurk, 2022
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?????? ???? ????? ??????-?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ? ???, ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ????: ????? ?? ????? ? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????. ??????? ?? ??????????? ???????????? ? ????, ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????, ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ??? ?????, ?????? ???????????? ??????? ? ????????????? ???????, ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ????, ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????.
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???????????? ???????????, ??? ?????????? ? ????? ???????? ???????, ???????? ? ????????? ????????. ?????? ?????! (?? ????? ????? ?????? ??, ??? ??? ??? ? ?????.)
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????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????, ????? ??????? ??????????, ? ??????? ? ???????????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ????????. ? ???????? ? ???? ??????? 56?????????-?????? ?17??????????? ??????, ? ???????? ? ???????, ?????? ?? ????, ?? ?????? ?????????. ? ?????? ??? ????? ???-?????? ????????: ?? ??????, ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ? ??????? ?????, ?????????, ??? ??????????? ?? ????, ?????????, ?????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ????????? ? ??? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ????????? ????? ????????????, ? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????, ? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????, ??????????, ?????????????.
????, ??? ?? ? ????. ?????? ??? ?????. ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ? ???????, ? ??????, ? ?????? ????????????, ?? ??????????? ?????? ??? ? ??????????, ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ? ???????????? ????????: ??????????, ?????????? ? ??????????? ???????, ? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ? ????????. ????????????? ? ??????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ? ???????????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? (????. SOSOH ? stressed-out, survivaloriented human), ?, ???????, ??? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???[2 - Carla Hannaford. Smart Moves. Salt Lake City: Great River Books, 1995. P.?145. (????????? ?. ?????? ????????. ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? / ???. ?????. ?.?. ????????? ??.?. ??????????. ?.: ???????????, 1999.)].
?????? ????? 80?% ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ? ???????, ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????????[3 - e-Handbook of Statistics 2021?// United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, accessed April 13, 2022, https://stats.unctad.org/handbook/Population/Total.html]. ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ? ???? ????? ????????????, ?????? ? ???????, ????? ???? ??????, ? ???? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????. ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???????????, ?, ??? ?? ?????, ???? ???? ? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ??, ?????? ???? ? ?????????? ?????. ? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ????, ?????????????????? ? ??????? ???????, ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????, ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????. ??????????? ? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????, ?? ??? ??????: ??? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????
??? ??????? ???????? ??????? friluftsliv. ??? ????? ? ??????????? ???????, ????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ???????-?????? (???????????? ???-?? ???: ?????-??????-???), ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? ???????, ?????? ?? ??????? ???????. ??, ? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????????????????? ??????? ?????? (?????????, ????????), ??? ?????, ???????, ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????, ? ?? ??? ???????????? ????, ??? ??? ??????. ?? ? ? ????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??-???????. ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? friluftsliv ??? ????? ?? ???????, ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????????, ??? ??????? ?????????????? ???, ??????????, ????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????[4 - Friluftsliv Fact Sheet?// VisitNorway.com, accessed March 4, 2022. https://thenoec.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/friluftsliv-fact-sheet-2.pdf]. ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????????? ? ????????????? ?????????? ? ????? ????????? ???????????? ? ??????? ? ???????? ??? ?????-???? ???????????? ????[5 - Vad ?r friluftsliv??// Naturv?rdsverket, accessed April 14, 2022. https://www.naturvardsverket.se/vagledning-och-stod/friluftsliv/kommunal-friluftslivsplanering]. ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ????? ??????, ???????? ? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????, ???????? ??? ??????? ??????, ???-?? ??? ? ?????? ? ???????? ? ????????[6 - Roger Isberg. Simple Life: Friluftsliv / trans. Sarah Isberg. Victoria, BC: Trafford Publishing, 2007. Friluftsliv, ??? ? ??? ???????]. ? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???????????? ? ?????? ???.
Friluftsliv, ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????,?? ??? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ? ?? ??????, ??? ?? ? ??? ????? ???????; ????? ?????? ? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????????????. ????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ????. Friluftsliv ????? ???? ?????? ??????????????, ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????????, ??? ????? ???????????, ??? ???????????? ????? ? ???????? ? ??????? ? ????? ?????, ????? ???? ???-?? ??????? ????? ??? ? ??????. ????? ???????????? ?? ? ???????????, ????? ? ???????? ??? ??????, ? ????? ? ? ???????? ????????????????. ??? ?????????? ? ????????, ?? ??? ?????????? ? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????. ??? ????????, ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ??????, ?? ?????? ????????? ? ???????. ?????? ? ?? ?? ?????? ? ??? ???? ????? ???-????? ?????????????? ? ??????????.
Friluftsliv ? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???????, ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????, ?? ??????? ????, ? ???????????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????, ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ????????????, ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????????, ?????? friluftsliv ?? ????? ????????? ?? ? ?????????????, ?? ? ???????. ????????, ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ? ???????, ???????? ?? ?????, ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? friluftsliv, ? ??? ??????? ?? ??????????, ?????? ????? ??? ?????????????????? ???????? ? ???, ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????. ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? friluftsliv ?? ????? ????????????? ? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????, ??? ??????-????, ???? ? ?? ? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ? ????????? ?? ???. ??????-???? ???????????? ????? ????? ??????????? ? ???????????? ????????, ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????????, ?? ??????????? ??????? friluftsliv ???? ? ?????????? ???????, ????????, ???????, ???????? ????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????.
? ????????, ???????????? friluftsliv ? ?? ??????? ????? ?????-?? ????? ????????????, ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????, ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????, ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? ??????????. ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? (???????), ?????????? ??????????, ?????????? ???????????; ??? ???, friluftsliv ? ???, ????? ???????, ????????? ??????? ? ????????. ??? ????????????? ????????, ????????? ???????????????, ????? ?????, ?? ?????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ? ???????. ??? ????? ?????, ??????? ????????? ????????? ? ??????-???????? ??????????? ??? ? ?????, ?? ??????? ?? ???????. ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ???????, ?????????????? ?????.
? ????? ???????, ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ????????? friluftsliv ?? ???????? ? ??????? ? ???????, ?????????, ???????????? ? ??????? ????, ???????? ? ????????? ????? ? ???? ???, ??? ???-?? ??? ??? ?????????. ????? ? ???? ?????????, ???????? ???????, ????? ? ?????? ?????? ????, ? ? ?????????, ? ? ????????? ??????. ??? ???????? ???, ??? ?????????? ??????? ????????, ???????????? ????????? ???????? ? ??????, ??????? ?????? ??? ?????. ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ? ??????? ?????????? ????, ???????? ??????? ????????? ? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????????. ??? ????????? ??? ???????, ????? ??? ???? ? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ??????????? ?????? ?????????????, ????? ?????, ?? ??????? ????. ????????? ?? ? ??? ????????, ? ??????? ? ???????, ??? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?????, ?? ??????? ????????????? ????? ????? ???????.
? ?????????? ??? ????????? ? ???????? ??????????. ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???: ?????? ?? ? ???????? ?????? ????, ????? ??????, ??? ????????????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????????, ????? ??????? ????? ????. ????? ??? ???????????? ?? ??????? ???????, ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??-??? ?????? ????? ? ??????????? ????????????? ???. ?? ?????, ??? ????? ? ??? ?????? ????????, ?? friluftsliv ???? ???? ?????????? ??????, ??????????????, ???? ??????, ????????? ???????????, ????????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????. ??? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ? ??????.
???? ?? ????????? ? ???????? friluftsliv, ?? ? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????, ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????. ? ?? ??????????, ?? ??? ??? ?????????: ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????, ????? ? ????? ???? ???????? ? ?????? ???? ???????, ???? ?????. ???? ????????, ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ????, ?? ? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????, ? ? ??????????? ???? ????? ?? ?????, ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????. ???? ? ????? ?? ??????, ?? ? ????? ?? ???????, ? ? ????? ??????????, ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ???-?? ???????????. ? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????????????, ?? ???????? ????????????????, ????????? ? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????, ?? ?????? ??????? friluftsliv ?????? ?? ????? ???????????? ????. ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????, ????? ??? ????????, ????????? ??????, ? ????????? ????????? ?? ? ???? ?? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????, ??? ??? ????. ??? ????, ? ? ????????, ??? ????? ?? ??????????? ? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????, ?, ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????, ? ????, ??? ? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????. ???? ????? ?????, ??? friluftsliv ?????? ??? ????????? ????????????, ??????? ???? ?? ? ????, ? ???????, ? ??????, ? ???? ? ???? ?? ????? ? ?????.
?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ? ?????? ???????, ? ??? ?2016?????, ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????, ? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ?????, ? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????, ??????, ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????. ????? ??? ????, ????? ?????? ????????, ?? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ???????, ? ? ? ???????, ??? ??????, ????? ????????? friluftsliv. ??? ?????? ??????? ????, ? ??????????? ?????????? ????, ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????? ? ??? ???, ????? ??? ??????????? ???????????, ? ?????? ?? ??? ??????, ??? ?????, ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????. ? ????????, ????? ????????? ?????, ????? ????????????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????, ??? ??????? ???????. ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????, ? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????, ?????????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ? ?????? ????????? ?????.
??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ?????, ????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ??-?? ?????????? ?? ??????. ? ?????????, ??? ???? ??????, ??? ???????-?????????, ? ?????? ???, ??? ?????? ????, ????? ??????? ????? ???? ? ????? ?????? ????. ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????????, ??? ? ???? ??????? ??????? ????, ??????????? ????? ?????? ? ??????, ? ??????????? ???? ????????. ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????, ??????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ???????, ?? ????????????? ?? ????. ??????????, ?? ????? ???????? ???????????? ? ???? ? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????, ? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????? ????????? ???????.
????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????, ??? friluftsliv, ???????, ????????? ? ???????? ???????, ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????, ?????????? ?? ????????, ???????, ?????????? ??????????????, ?????????????? ????????????. ???????, ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ? ????????? ????? ??? friluftsliv. ??-??????, ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ? ??????? ???????. ??-??????, ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????, ??????? ??-??????? ?????????? allemansr?tten (? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????, ? ? ???????????? ???????? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????) ? ???? ??????? ?????????, ??????, ????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??????????. ????? ????, friluftsliv ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????, ?? ? ??????????. ????? ???: friluftsliv ? ??? ?????? ?????????????, ? ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ???????. ??? ???, ?? ??????? ????????????, ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ??????? ? ????????. ??? ????? ????????? ???, ??? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ????????? ?????????, ???????? ? ????? ?, ?? ??????? ??????? ??????, ??????? ?? ?????.
Friluftsliv, ??? ? ??? ???????
???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????????, ??, ????????, ??????? ??????, ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????, ???? ?? ?? ??????????? ????? ? ????????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????. ??????? ??????? ?????, ???????????? ?????????, ??????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ? ????????-???????? ??????????? ????? ????? ? ??? ??? ???, ?? ??????? ? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????, ????? ????????? ? ????????. ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????, ?????, ?????, ?????? ????, ?????????? ?????, ? ??? ??????????, ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????????? ? ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????, ????, ??????????? ? ???? ??????????? ??? ?????, ?? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ? ???????? ????? (???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????, ??? ? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ? ??????????? ? ?????[7 - Skade ? j?ttinnan som gifte sig med havsguden?// Historiska.se, accessed November 29, 2021. https://historiska.se/nordisk-mytologi/skade]). ??????? ????, ??????? ??????, ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ? ??????, ????????? ? ????? ????? ???????, ? ???????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???????, ??? ???????, ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????????????.
??? ???? ???? ????????????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ? ?????????????? ???, ?? ???? ??, ??? ?????? ?? ???????? friluftsliv, ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???????????, ????????? ??????? ???????, ???? ??????, ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ? ??????????? ???????[8 - B?rge Dahle and Aage Jensen, ed. Being in Nature: Experiential Learning and Teaching. Nord-Tr?ndelag University College, 2009. 6. http://norwegianjournaloffriluftsliv.com/doc/being_in_nature.pdf]. ????????????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????, ? ???, ? ???? ???????, ?????????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????? ? ????????, ????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????, ??????? ?? ?????? ? ???????. ????????? ????????? ? ??????????? ? ???????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????, ???, ????? ? ?????, ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???????????. ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????, ???????????????? ??????? ? ????? ???? ????????????????? ? ?????????. ??? ????????? ???????????, ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????????? ? ???????????????? ????? ????????, ?????????? ??????? ? ?????? ? ??? ????? ????????? ???????????. ???????????? ????????? ???? ? ???, ??? ??? ???????? ????, ?? ???? ???????????? ????? ? ???????? ? ??? ?? ?????????, ?? ????????, ?? ???????? ? ????,?? ????????? ???? ????????? ?? ????. ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?, ?????????? ????? ? ???? ? ????????, ??????????? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ???????? ???????? friluftsliv.
???????, ??? ?30-? ????? XX ????, ????? ? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ? ?????, ??? ?????? ? ?????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ?? ????? ????, ? ????, ????, ????. ???????, ?????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????, ?????????? ??????, ????? ? ???? ? ??????. ? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ? ???????, ?????? ????? ??? ??????????????? friluftsliv ????? ?????????[9 - Hans Gelter. Friluftsliv: The Scandinavian Philosophy of Outdoor Life?// Canadian Journal of Environmental Education. 2000. 5. ??1. P.?79. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264869269_Friluftsliv_The_Scandinavian_Philosophy_of_Outdoor_Life]. 1919????? ???????, ??? ? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????, ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????????????????? ??????? ??????, ? ???????? ??????????????, ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ? ??? ?????. ? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ???, ???? ????, ??? ?????? ???????, ??????, ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? friluftsliv ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ? ????????. ??????? ???? ???? ?????????????? ? ??????? ? ???????? ?????, ??????? ? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??????????, ? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????????.
?????????? ? ?????, ????????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ???????, ?????????? ??? ? ???????, ?????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???????. ? ????? 1930-? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????, ?? ????, ????????? friluftsliv, ? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???, ????????? ??????, ??????????????? ???????[10 - Klas Sandell, Sverker S?rlin. Friluftshistoria. Stockholm: Carlsson Bokf?rlag, 2008.]. ? ???? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ? friluftsliv ??? ??, ??? ????? IKEA ? ???????? ??????, ?????? ??? ????????????? ? ????????? ???????.
??? ???? ???? ????? friluftsliv ???? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????????, ? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ? ?????? ???????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ? ????? ????????? ????? 1859????? ??? ????????, ????????? ? ?????? ?????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ????. ? ??? ???? ???? ? ???? ???????????, ????????????, ??? ??? ???? ??????: ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????, ?? ???? ??????? ??, ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????, ?? ?? ???????????? ? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ? ? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????, ? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?????, ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ??? ?????, ? ??? ????????. ??????????? ????????, ??? ? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ? ???????????? ????? ? ?????, ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????, ?? ?????????? ??????????. ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ? ??????? ? ??????? friluftsliv, ???????????? ?? ???????? ? ?????????? ???? ??????????, ???????? ? ???????.
???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????????? ?, ?????? ?????, ????? ???????? ? ??????, ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????????. ? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????, ?? ??????? ??????????????? ????????????? ? ???, ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????. ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???. ? ??????? ?????? friluftsliv ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ? ??????????? ?? ?????????????????? ??????? ????????, ???????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????????????? ????????????, ?????? ????????? ????? ????????? ? ????? ??????????. ????? ????, ? ????????? ???? ? ???????????? ??? friluftsliv ????? ???????, ?????? ?????????, ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????: ???? ? ????, ?????? ?? ???????, ?????? ?????, ????????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????. ??????????? ? ?????, ????? ?????????? ??????????? friluftsliv, ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????: ????????????, ?????? ?????????, ??? ?? ???????????? ?????????.
???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?Instagram ?? ???? friluftsliv, ?? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ????????, ? ??????????? ? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????, ??????????? ? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ? ?????, ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? (??????? ??????? ??????, ?????, ???????? ?????). ?? ?????????? ?? ???????, ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ? ????????????, ??? ???????????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ????????? ???????. ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????, ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ? ?????? ???????? ????, ??????????? ???-?????? ?? ?????? ? ??????? ????????. ??????? ????????????? ???? ?????? ????, ????????? ????? ? ?????, ?????????? ?????? ?? ????????????? ?????, ?? ???? ??????? ???-?? ????? ???????, ?????? ???????????, ??? ????? ???????, ? ????? ? ?? ??????? ? ???? ?????????? ????.
??? ????? ????????? ? ???????????? ? ????? ?????? friluftsliv, ??????? ?????? ??????????? ? ??? ?????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ????????. ??? ???????? ??? ???, ??? ?????? ? ??????? ??????? ?? ????, ???????, ?????, ????????????? ???????, ??????????? ???, ??????????? ?????, ???????, ?? ??????? ???????? ? ??????????. ??? ???, ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????, ?? ? ????? ?????????????? ??????, ????? ????????? ? ????????.
?????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?? ???????, ??? ????? ??????????????? ? ?????????, ??????????, ????????? ????? ??????, ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ? ????????. ? ? ?? ???????, ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ? ??? ??????? ??????, ??? ??????. ? ?????? friluftsliv ???????? ????, ???????? ???? ? ??????, ???? ?? ???????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ? ????????????????? ? ??????? ????????????. ?? ????? ???? ???????????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????, ??? ?????? ?????? ? ?????? ????????, ? ????? ???????. ????????? ? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ?????????. ??? ????????? ????? ????????, ????????? ?????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? friluftsliv: ????? ??????????? ???????? ? ??????? ???? ??? ? ??? ???? ?? ?????. Friluftsliv ? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????????. ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ? ???, ??? ??????-????? ????????[11 - Nils Faarlund. Touch the Earth?// in Wisdom in the Open Air: The Norwegian Roots of Deep Ecology / Ed. Peter Reed and David Rothenberg. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993. P. 173. ????? I. ??????].
????? friluftsliv ?? ????? ??????????? ? ???-?? ?????????, ??????, ? ?????? ????? ???????, ????????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????. ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ? ??????????????? ?? ????? ???????, ????????????. ? ?????? ? ????????? ???????? ? ???????.
?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????
1.???????? ????? ????? ? ????????
Friluftsliv ????????, ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ? ??????? ? ??? ???????????? ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ? ????????????, ? ?? ??????????????? ? ??????. ???????? ???? ????? ? ????????? ? ?????????? ??????????, ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ? ????? ?????? ???? ? ????????: ???, ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???????, ?? ?????? ? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????.
2.??? ??????? ?????? (? ??????? ????)
????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ? ????? ??????. Friluftsliv ????????? ???? ????? ? ??????? ??????? ??????, ??? ? ???????? ??????????, ? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????. ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ? ????????????, ????? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ?????????? ?????.
3.????? ???? ?????? ???? ? ????????
Friluftsliv ????????? ???????? ??????? ? ???????????? ? ????????, ??? ? ????????????, ??? ? ? ?????????? ?????????, ??? ? ????????, ??? ? ?????? ? ???-??. ???????, ?? ???, ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????, ?? ???? ??, ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ? ?????????, ???????? ???????????? ???????? ? ?????, ????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ????, ????????? ????? ? ???? ? ?????. ? ???? ?? ????? ????? ? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????????.
4.???????? ?? ??????????? ???????, ??????? ??? ????????
????????? ?????????? ???????? ? ???????????? ????? friluftsliv, ??, ????? ?????????????? ? ????????, ????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????. ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ? ??????, ? ??????? ?? ??????, ? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????, ??? ??????? ? ???, ??????????? ??? ? ???. ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ?????????? friluftsliv.
5.?????????? ????-?? ?????????
? ?? ???? ???????, ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ? ??????? ??????. ?????????? ???????? ???????????????? ? ??????????? ???? ? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ?????. ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????????????, ?? ? ?????????? ? ????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ?????????? ????.
6.??? ??????????
????????? ???????? ???????? ?????, ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????????. ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????, ????? ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????. ? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??? friluftsliv ? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ? ???????.
7.??? ????????????
?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ? ????????, ?? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ?????? ? ???? ???????? ????????????????, ? ??????? ? ???????? ?????????? ??????????, ?????????? ??? ??? ????????, ? ?? ????????, ??????? ?????? friluftsliv ????? ????????, ????????? ????????????.
8.??????????????, ????? ???????????
? ????????, ??? ????????????? ??????? ??????, ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????, ?????? ????????, friluftsliv ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????????? ? ??????????????? ?? ????????? ???????. ??????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ? ????????????? ? ????? ?????????, ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????????, ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????, ? ????????? ???? ??????????? ?? ???????, ????? ???? ? ???, ???? ?? ?????.
9.???????? ??????????
?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??????, ?? friluftsliv ?? ????????, ???? ????????? ?? ??????????. ???? ?? ??????? ??????, ??????? ?? ??????????, ?? ????? ? ???????, ?????? ??????, ?????, ? ?????, ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????, ?? ??????????? ? ??????, ??????? ?????? ???????, ??? ?? ???????, ??? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????, ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ? ??.
10.?????????? ??????? ????
Friluftsliv ???? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? ? ????????, ? ?? ? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????, ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????. ?? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????, ?????????? ? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????. ????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ??????, ?? ????? ??????, ??? ?????????? ????.
????? I
??????
? ??????? ??? ? ??????,
??? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ?????
???????? ??? ????????
? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????.
????????? ? friluftsliv[12 - Sam Arsenius. Boken om friluftslif: Upplysningar, r?d och skildringar. Stockholm: Sil?n, 1910.]
?? ???? ?????, ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????, ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ? ?????????? ?????????. ??? ???????????? ???????, ????????????? ????? ????? ? ????? friluftsliv, ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ? ?????? ????????????? ? ???? ???: ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ???? ????????????????, ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????????, ? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ????. ?????? ??????, ?????, ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????, ??? ?????????? ? ???????, ? ?? ???????, ????? ????? ? ?? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????.
??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????, ? ???? ???????????? ? ???, ?? ??????? ?????????, ?? ??????????? ??????????? ????. ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????? ? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????, ????? ? ?????? ?????: ??? ????? ???????? ?????, ????????? ? ???????? ?????, ?????? ?? ?????, ??? ??????????????, ?????? ?? ? ???????? ??????? ?????, ? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? ???????.
? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????, ? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????, ?? ? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????, ????? ??? ?????, ???????? ????????. ??? ?????? ? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????, ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????, ????? ??????, ??? ??????????, ?? ????????????????. ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????, ? ? ???????? ????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????? ????-?????? ? ?????: ???? ???????????? ?????? ? ???????????? ????????.
??????????????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????, ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??, ??? ? ??????, ????????? ????? ?????????, ????????? ? ???????. ? ? ????? ????, ????????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????????. ? ??????? ? ????? ????? ????????, ??? ? ???? ???????? friluftsliv ?????????: ????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ???????, ????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ??????????. ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????, ?? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?????????????, ? ?????? ?????????? ?????????.
?????? ? ??? ???????
????? COVID-19??2020????? ?????????? ???? ?????, ????????? ??????, ???????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????, ????? ? ???? ????????? ???????????? ????. ???-??? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????, ????? ?????? ???????? ? ?????????, ? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????, ???????????? ? ??????-????????. ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????. ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????, ??????? ???????? ? ????? ?????????, ?? ????????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????. ? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????: ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????, ?? ???? ? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????. ?? ?????, ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????????, ? ?????, ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???????????? ? ????????? ?????????? ?????????, ???????? ???????? ?????? ????.
Friluftsliv ????????? ??? ?????? ? ?????????? ????. Friluftsliv ???? ??? ???? ???????.
????????? ????, ?????????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????
? ????????, ??? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????, ???????? ?? ????????????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ? ??? ? ?????????? ? ?????????[13 - R?nar Sn?r Reynisson. Hvetja f?lk til a? fara ?t ??sk?g og kn?sa tr?// R?V. 2020. August 4. https://www.ruv.is/frett/2020/04/08/hvetja-folk-til-ad-fara-ut-i-skog-og-knusa-tre]. ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? ????? ? ???, ???????????? ??? ? ?????????, ????????????? ?? ??? ????????,?? ???????????? ??????? ?????? RUV ???????? ??????? ???? ??????????????, ? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ????.
? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????, ????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????????? ???????? (?? ????? ???? ??????? ?, ???????, ?? ?????????? ??????????)[14 - Elisabeth D?ljemar. Ny promenad-app skapar nya m?ten i pandemin?// Norra Halland. 2021. January 18. https://norrahalland.se/ny-promenad-app-skapar-nya-moten-i-pandemin]. ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ? ???????? ???????????, ?? ? ? ???, ??? ????? ?? ????????, ? ??? ? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????, ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ? ????????.
????????? ???????? friluftsliv ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ? ???????? ??????? ? ???? ???????, ????? ??????? ??????? ????????. ????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????????, ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??, ??? ?????? ? ??????: ?????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ?????. ??????? ? ????? ????????, ??? ????? ?????? ? ????? ? ????????, ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????, ? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? friluftsliv. ?? ???????? ?2020????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????[15 - HUI Research AB. ?rets julklapp 2020, accessed April 12, 2022. https://hui.se/arets-julklapp/2020].
Friluftsliv ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????, ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????. ????? ?????? ? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????, ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ???????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????? ? ?????????, ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????, ? ???? ????????. ? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????, ?? ? ??? ?????? ???????. ????????, ???? ?? ???????????? ???????, ??? ? ??????, ?????????? ?????, ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????????? ? ??????????? ??????? ? ????? ? ?????? ?????[16 - Fereshteh Ahmadi. Unders?kning om krishantering vid sv?ra livssituationer (H?gskolan i?G?vle, 2019). https://www.hig.se/download/18.634237b5172176efd5d1ad9d/1590660876275/Krishantering.%20Fereshteh.%20Ahmadi.pdf]. ? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ? ?????[17 - Abigail Sykes. Naturen har blivit svenskarnas kyrka?// Forskning.se. 2020. May 28. https://www.forskning.se/2020/05/28/naturen-har-blivit-svenskarnas-kyrka/#].
????????? ???????? friluftsliv ? ??? ????????????, ? ??? ??????????? ????????, ????????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????????, ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ??????? ??? ????????. ?? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????, ? ????? ????, ??? ??????-????? ????????, ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????, ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????, ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????????, ???????????? ????????-????????? ?????[18 - Richard A. Hobday and John W. Cason. The Open-Air Treatment of Pandemic Influenza?// American Journal of Public Health. 2009. October. 99, suppl. 2. S236?S242. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2008.134627]. ???? COVID-19???? ?????????? ?????, ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????????????? ???????, ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ??, ? ??? ??????-????? ???????? ??????? ????? ? ????????? ????: ???? ????????? COVID-19???????? ?????? ?? ?????, ??? ? ?????????[19 - Karin Brulliard and Lenny Bernstein. A?Year into the Pandemic, It?s Even More Clear That It?s Safer to Be Outside?// Washington Post. 2021. April?13. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/04/13/covid-outside-safety]. ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ? ?????? ???????, ?? ???, ??????, ?????? ??????????, ??? ? ????????????, ? ?? ???????????? ????????, ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????, ???????? ?? ?????? ???????[20 - Hiroshi Nishiura et al. Closed Environments Facilitate Secondary Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?// preprint, 2020. April 16. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.28.20029272][21 - Hua Qian et al. Indoor Transmission of SARS-CoV-2?// Indoor Air 31, ??3 (May 2021): 639?645, https://doi.org/10.1111/ina.12766].
??, ??? ? ????????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????????, ???????? ? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???????, ?? ??? ? ????????? ??????? ???????????, ????????? ? ????????????? ????????????[22 - Constitution?// World Health Organization, accessed September 5, 2021. https://www.who.int/about/governance/constitution]. ????? ??? ?? ? friluftsliv ? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????. ??? ??????????? ????? ?????, ??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ? ??????????, ???, ???????? ? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????, ?? ??????? ???????? ? ??????? ???????? ? ???. ? ????? ????? ??? ???????, ???????? ????? ????????.
????????? ? ? ??????
??????? ??????? friluftsliv ????? ??? ????? ??????????????? ? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ??????????????????? ????, ? ????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????. ?? ????? friluftsliv ???? ???????? ? ??????? ????????, ? ??????? ???????? ? ???????????? ???????????? ????, ???????, ????? ???????????????? ??????? ? ???????? ???????. ???? ?? ?? ???????? ? ???????? ???????, ??? ????????, ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????, ??? ??????, ????????? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????, ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ?????? ?? ????. ???????? ?????? ?? ?????, ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ??????????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ????????????.
????????? ????? ???????? ? ?????? ?? ????, ????????? ?????? ?? ?????, ????????? ????????? ? ???? ? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????.
? ?????????? ??????? Walking Works[23 - Walking for Health, Walking Works, 2014, the Ramblers and Macmillan Cancer Support. https://www.macmillan.org.uk/documents/aboutus/health_professionals/physicalactivity/walking-works-professionals-version.pdf], ????????? ?????????????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????, ????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????, ???
???????????? ?? ????? ??????: ?? 25?30 %
????????????? ??????? ?????? ? ???????: ?? 20?35 %
???????? ??????? ????: ?? 35?50 %
????? ??????? ?????: ?? 30?50 %
????? ?????: ?? 20 %
???????????: ?? 20?30?%.
???? ????????, ??? ?????? ??????? ????
?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????: ?? 36?68 %
????????? ???????????: ?? 40?45?%.
????????? ? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????, ?? ?? ??????? ? ?????? ? ??????? ?????: ???????????? ? ???????? ????? 140?000???????? ????????, ???, ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ? ??????, ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ? ????, ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????[24 - Stacy Simon. Study: Even a?Little Walking May Help You Live Longer?// American Cancer Society, October 19, 2017, https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/study-even-a-little-walking-may-help-you-live-longer.html]. ???????????????? ??????????? ???????? ????? (Blue Zones), ??????????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????? ? ??????????, ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ????, ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????, ???????? ? ?????? ??????: ???????????? ?? ????????? ??????, ?? ?????? ????????, ?? ?????? ? ??????????. ???, ??? ????? ? ????? ?????, ??????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????, ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????[25 - Aislinn Kotifani. Research Says Walking This Much per Week Extends Your Life?// Blue Zones, accessed September 10, 2021. https://www.bluezones.com/2018/07/research-says-walking-this-much-per-week-extends-your-life]. ? ?????? ????? ?????.
? ??? ? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??, ??? ???, ? ??????? ?? ????????????, ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????.
?? ???? ?????? ? ???, ????? ???????, ??? ???? ????? ????? ????????, ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????, ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????, ????? ? ?????? ???-?????? ?????????? ? ? ??? ????? ? ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???, ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????. ? ??-?????, ???? ??? ? ? ?????????? ???????? ? ???????, ? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????????, ?????????? ? ??????????? ?????????. ????? ????????????, ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????-?? ????, ????? ????????????, ??????????, ?????????? ??? ??????????. ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????, ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????: ???????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????. Friluftsliv ?????????? ? ? ???? ?????, ? ? ??????????? ???????? ? ?????? ????????, ? ???????? ? ?????-?? ?????. ?? ??????????? ??? ????????, ???? ?? ????? ? ??? ?????, ?? ??? ????, ????? ??????? ???????.
????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? 90?% ?????? ?? ?????? ??????[26 - Peter Fredman, Rosemarie Ankre, Tatiana Chekalina. Friluftsliv 2018. Naturv?rdsverket Rapport 6887. April 2019. https://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer6400/978-91-620-6887-5.pdf]. ????? 93?% ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ? ??????????? ??????, ? ???????? 72?% ?????? ??? ???????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ? ?????[27 - Idrett og friluftsliv, levek?rsundersokelsen?// Statistisk Sentralbyr?, updated December 8, 2021, https://www.ssb.no/kultur-og-fritid/idrett-og-friluftsliv/statistikk/idrett-og-friluftsliv-levekarsundersokelsen]. ??? ?????????, ???? 50?% ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ? ???? ????????? ????? ? ?????-??????? 19?% ???????, ??? ????? ? ??????[28 - Emily N. Ussery et al. Transportation and Leisure Walking Among U.S. Adults: Trends in Reported Prevalence and Volume, National Health Interview Survey 2005?2015?// American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2018. October. 55. ??4. P. 533?540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.05.027].
????? ??????, ?????????? ?? ???????????, ???? ????????, ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ? ??????? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????. ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ? ??? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ? ????????. ? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ????. ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??, ??? ?? ??????, ?????????? ?2014????? ?????; ???, ????, ?? ????? ???????????? friluftsliv, ? ?? ?????? ??????, ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????. ?????? ????? ????????? friluftsliv, ? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ? ???????, ? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ????,?? ??????????? ??????.?? ??????? ????? ? ???? ???????????? ??????, ? ??????????? ???????? ???????, ?? ????????? ?? ????. ????? ???? ?????? ???, ??? ???????????? ????????????, ?????? ?? ?????.
?????? ???????, ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????-???? ????? ????? ??????, ? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???, ?? ?? ?????????? ????-?????? ? ???????????? ?????, ? ?? ? ????????? ???? ??? ???. ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ? ?-????? ???????? ???????.
?? friluftsliv ??? ???????? ????????????????, ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????, ??????? ?????? ????????? ? ??? ?? ????????, ?? ??????? ?????????? ???? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????. ???????? ?????? ? ??? ?????????????????? ?????? ??. ?????? ??? ?? ???? ? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????????? ?????, ???????????, ??? ???????? ??????? ??????, ???????? ??????????. ?? ?????? ??? ???????? 1600???????????, ?, ????????? ????? ????, ?? ??????????????? ? ????????? ? ???????? ????. ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???, ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??????? ?????: ?????? ???? ? ???? ?????????? ? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????????; ?????? 7?8???????????, ?? ???????????? ????? ? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????, ??????? ?????? ?? ????????????? ???? ? ???????? ???????.
??, ???????? ??????? ?? ??????, ?????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ???????? ?????????? ????????. ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????, ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ????????, ????? ?????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???, ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ????????? ????? ???????. ?????????? ? ????????, ?? ?????? ????? ???-?????? ?????????? ? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ?????, ?? ? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????, ?? ? ?????? ???????? ??????, ??????????? ? ???? ??? ????. ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ? ???????? ? ????????, ? ???????? ? ?? ? ????????? ??????? ? ??? ???????????? ????? ? ?????.
????????????? ??????
?????? ? ??? ? ???? ??????, ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????-?? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????. ?????? ????? ? ?????-?? ?????, ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????????, ? ????? ??? ???, ?????? ???? ????, ????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ????? ?????? ? ???????? ? ??????, ????? ? ? ???????????, ?????????? ????? ??????. ????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?? ???????. ????? ?????? ??????, ? ????? ??????, ? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????. ??? ?? ??? ?? ????, ??? friluftsliv ?? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ??????: ????? ??????? ? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ? ???????.
?????? ? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ? ???????? friluftsliv, ??? ? ???????? ????? ????????? ????? ????, ???????????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????????. ??? ????????? ?? ???? ????????? ????????.
Barfotapromenad (?????? ???????)?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ? ????????? ????????? ??? ? ????????? ???????, ??? ????? ?????, ???? ?? ??????????? ????????????.
Barnvagnspromenad (???????? ? ????????)?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????????, ?????? ??????????????? ??? ??????? ???????, ???????? ? ???????? ? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????.
Kv?llspromenad (???????? ????????)?? ????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???, ??? ???????? ???? ????. ??? ? lunchpromenad (?????????????? ????????), ?? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ? ??? ??????.
M?nskenspromenad (???????? ??? ?????? ?????)?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?????????, ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ? ??????????, ? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????.
Reflexpromenad (???????? ? ???????????)?? ????? ???????? ??????????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ? ??????? ????????. ??????? ????? ? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????, ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ??? ???? ???, ???????? ??????? ????? ? ??? ????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ??-?????? ?????????? ?????.
Skogspromenad (???????? ?? ????)?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ? ????????, ??, ??? ??? ? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ? ????????? ??????????? ? ???????, ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????.
????? ???????????????? ?????????.
????? ???????????? ??? ???????.
?????????? ??? ????? ???????, ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? (https://www.litres.ru/book/linda-okeson-makgerk/friluftsliv-norvezhskiy-kluch-k-schastlivoy-zhizni-69215392/) ?? ??????.
????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? Visa, MasterCard, Maestro, ?? ????? ?????????? ????????, ? ?????????? ?????????, ? ?????? ??? ??? ???????, ????? PayPal, WebMoney, ??????.??????, QIWI ???????, ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????.
notes
??????????
1
Henrik Ibsen. On the Heights?// In the Mountain Wilderness and Other Works, trans. Theodore Jorgenson. Northfield, MN.: St. Olaf College, 1957. (????? ?. ?? ???????. ??????? ??????? ?. ????? ?????????? ?? ???????: ?. ?????, ?????. ?????????????. ?.: ?????????????? ??????????, 1972.) ????????
2
Carla Hannaford. Smart Moves. Salt Lake City: Great River Books, 1995. P.?145. (????????? ?. ?????? ????????. ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? / ???. ?????. ?.?. ????????? ??.?. ??????????. ?.: ???????????, 1999.)
3
e-Handbook of Statistics 2021?// United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, accessed April 13, 2022, https://stats.unctad.org/handbook/Population/Total.html
4
Friluftsliv Fact Sheet?// VisitNorway.com, accessed March 4, 2022. https://thenoec.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/friluftsliv-fact-sheet-2.pdf
5
Vad ?r friluftsliv??// Naturv?rdsverket, accessed April 14, 2022. https://www.naturvardsverket.se/vagledning-och-stod/friluftsliv/kommunal-friluftslivsplanering
6
Roger Isberg. Simple Life: Friluftsliv / trans. Sarah Isberg. Victoria, BC: Trafford Publishing, 2007. Friluftsliv, ??? ? ??? ???????
7
Skade ? j?ttinnan som gifte sig med havsguden?// Historiska.se, accessed November 29, 2021. https://historiska.se/nordisk-mytologi/skade
8
B?rge Dahle and Aage Jensen, ed. Being in Nature: Experiential Learning and Teaching. Nord-Tr?ndelag University College, 2009. 6. http://norwegianjournaloffriluftsliv.com/doc/being_in_nature.pdf
9
Hans Gelter. Friluftsliv: The Scandinavian Philosophy of Outdoor Life?// Canadian Journal of Environmental Education. 2000. 5. ??1. P.?79. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264869269_Friluftsliv_The_Scandinavian_Philosophy_of_Outdoor_Life
10
Klas Sandell, Sverker S?rlin. Friluftshistoria. Stockholm: Carlsson Bokf?rlag, 2008.
11
Nils Faarlund. Touch the Earth?// in Wisdom in the Open Air: The Norwegian Roots of Deep Ecology / Ed. Peter Reed and David Rothenberg. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993. P. 173. ????? I. ??????
12
Sam Arsenius. Boken om friluftslif: Upplysningar, r?d och skildringar. Stockholm: Sil?n, 1910.
13
R?nar Sn?r Reynisson. Hvetja f?lk til a? fara ?t ??sk?g og kn?sa tr?// R?V. 2020. August 4. https://www.ruv.is/frett/2020/04/08/hvetja-folk-til-ad-fara-ut-i-skog-og-knusa-tre
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15
HUI Research AB. ?rets julklapp 2020, accessed April 12, 2022. https://hui.se/arets-julklapp/2020
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Fereshteh Ahmadi. Unders?kning om krishantering vid sv?ra livssituationer (H?gskolan i?G?vle, 2019). https://www.hig.se/download/18.634237b5172176efd5d1ad9d/1590660876275/Krishantering.%20Fereshteh.%20Ahmadi.pdf
17
Abigail Sykes. Naturen har blivit svenskarnas kyrka?// Forskning.se. 2020. May 28. https://www.forskning.se/2020/05/28/naturen-har-blivit-svenskarnas-kyrka/#
18
Richard A. Hobday and John W. Cason. The Open-Air Treatment of Pandemic Influenza?// American Journal of Public Health. 2009. October. 99, suppl. 2. S236?S242. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2008.134627
19
Karin Brulliard and Lenny Bernstein. A?Year into the Pandemic, It?s Even More Clear That It?s Safer to Be Outside?// Washington Post. 2021. April?13. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/04/13/covid-outside-safety
20
Hiroshi Nishiura et al. Closed Environments Facilitate Secondary Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?// preprint, 2020. April 16. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.28.20029272
21
Hua Qian et al. Indoor Transmission of SARS-CoV-2?// Indoor Air 31, ??3 (May 2021): 639?645, https://doi.org/10.1111/ina.12766
22
Constitution?// World Health Organization, accessed September 5, 2021. https://www.who.int/about/governance/constitution
23
Walking for Health, Walking Works, 2014, the Ramblers and Macmillan Cancer Support. https://www.macmillan.org.uk/documents/aboutus/health_professionals/physicalactivity/walking-works-professionals-version.pdf
24
Stacy Simon. Study: Even a?Little Walking May Help You Live Longer?// American Cancer Society, October 19, 2017, https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/study-even-a-little-walking-may-help-you-live-longer.html
25
Aislinn Kotifani. Research Says Walking This Much per Week Extends Your Life?// Blue Zones, accessed September 10, 2021. https://www.bluezones.com/2018/07/research-says-walking-this-much-per-week-extends-your-life
26
Peter Fredman, Rosemarie Ankre, Tatiana Chekalina. Friluftsliv 2018. Naturv?rdsverket Rapport 6887. April 2019. https://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer6400/978-91-620-6887-5.pdf
27
Idrett og friluftsliv, levek?rsundersokelsen?// Statistisk Sentralbyr?, updated December 8, 2021, https://www.ssb.no/kultur-og-fritid/idrett-og-friluftsliv/statistikk/idrett-og-friluftsliv-levekarsundersokelsen
28
Emily N. Ussery et al. Transportation and Leisure Walking Among U.S. Adults: Trends in Reported Prevalence and Volume, National Health Interview Survey 2005?2015?// American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2018. October. 55. ??4. P. 533?540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.05.027
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